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History of Suzdal. XVIII century.

    In 1708 Peter I the Great issued a decree about a separation of Russia for 8 parts – Gubernias.
    Suzdal became a district town belonged to Moscow Gubernia. In a year Moscow Gubernia was divided into 9 provinces and Suzdal became a center of separate province.
    In 1714 the first school was opened, in 1723 an ecclesiastical seminary started its performance and one of its graduate was a famous Russian chemist D.I.Vinogradov, inventor of Russian porcelain.
    The beginning of XVIII century was hard for Suzdal. The Northern War and S-Petersburg construction, started by Peter the Great led the town to new troubles: people and capital were needed. Suzdal monasteries had to give their peasants for works in the dockyards of Voronezh; to Moscow and S-Petersburg. In 1719 a vast conflagration happened in the town and a plague annihilated once again the half of population.
    In spite of everything people from Posad reconstructed their part of the town, Posad was expanded. Stone houses for merchants were built instead of wooden ones. XVIII century is also known as a new way of town architecture – construction of twin churches – summer-time and winter-time churches next to each other. That time monasteries’ construction was decreased, but town churches became stone, they could have a difference in beauty with monasteries’ churches.
    In 1767 a prison for political criminals was opened in the Monastery of our Saviour and St. Euthimius.
    In 1776, after forming Vladimir Gubernia, Suzdal became a district town of it and got a new arm – white falcon on a blue field. A bishop left Suzdal for Vladimir, a building of bishopric was given to an ecclesiastical seminary. A hostel for seminarians, who studied for a government count, was placed there. Other buildings became places of living for teachers, bishopric storehouses and ambries were given to Suzdal merchants for storing of goods.
    In 1788 in the time of Catherine II the Great, a new general plan of Suzdal was designed. It contained regular rectangular quarters and straight streets. But old planning was stable enough and only a central street was prolonged and borders of the town were extended. After reconstruction the borders included not only old central part, but also monasteries and trade suburbs. A new straight street was built – Vasilyevskaya, after a name of a monastery.
    In XVIII Annaniy Fedorov wrote his famous book – “Historical collection about Suzhdal town” – added later with information of other local historians.

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